Spørgmålet er, om USA er ved at gentage Japans eksperiment. Det er mange lighedspunkter, som Posner hæfter sig ved. USA har også svaret på en finansielt kollaps efter en boligboble ved at føre en meget ekspansiv finans- og pengepolitik. Den amerikanske centralbank har mere end fordoblet pengemængden og underskudet på det føderale statsbudget er steget fra 3% til 10% på et år. Det er en følge af redningspakker til finansielle institutioner og bilindustrien samt præsident Barack Obamas kostbare stimuleringspakke fra foråret. Alt tyder på, at underskuddet fortsat vil ligge over 1 trillion USD de næste 10 år (hvilket svarer til over 5.000 mia. kr. om året). Statsgælden vil derfor skyde i vejret og der er ikke udsigt til forbedringer i nær fremtid. Posner beskriver situationen med følgende ord:
"Our government, too, is lulled by low interest rates into believing that we can continue to run huge deficits without raising taxes or cutting spending significantly, simply by borrowing. Our public debt (the amount of federal government debt that is contractually obligated, as distinct from accounting reserves for entitlement programs such as Medicare and social security), of which almost half is owned by foreign governments and other foreign investors, has reached $7.5 trillion, which is more than half our GDP, and is on course to increase by at least a trillion dollars a year for the indefinite future. Like Japan, we have an aging population, which is pushing up entitlement costs. Our government seems not to have any economically realistic or politically feasible plans either to raise revenue or cut spending, but instead plans ambitious new spending programs (notably but not only on revamping health insurance). Proposed economies seem tokens. There is an air of complacency about deficit spending and public debt--again like Japan".
"Should the U.S. economy grow more rapidly than the public debt, we'll be okay. But the government's focus appears to be not on economic growth, but on redistribution (the major goal of health reform) and on creating at least an aura of prosperity, at whatever cost in deficit spending and future inflation, in time for the November 2010 congressional elections".Becker mener, at både Japan og USA kan klare situationen ved at lade seddelpressen køre og dermed nedskrive værdien af statsgælden, som er i hhv. JPY og USD. Dette er naturligvis en mulighed, men det er jo en inflationsskat og det vil ramme långiverne hårdt, eksempelvis Kina. Becker deler synet på udviklingen i de offentlige udgifter i USA:
"It is unlikely that US government spending will decline during the next decade, even though some of the short term spending on banks and stimulating the economy will probably fall sharply. Any spending declines from these directions will be more than replaced by much greater spending on Medicare, Medicaid, and other government financed health programs, on social security, and on various other entitlement programs. The direct impact on the debt burden of such budget deficits can be reduced only by higher taxes or inflation. Eventually, I do expect much greater inflation in the US".Becker mener, at USA kan klare sig, hvis politikken styrker den økonomiske vækst (i modsætning til Japan). Obama administrationens planer om at øge skatterne er ikke vejen:
"The best solution to reducing the real burden of the public debt is neither inflation nor higher taxes, but more rapid growth of the American economy. This involves lower, not higher, taxes on investments and incomes of small and large businesses".
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